Telepresence robots let employees 'beam' into work

 Engineer Dallas Goecker attends meetings, jokes with colleagues and roams the office building just like other employees at his company in Silicon Valley.
But Goecker isn't in California. He's more than 2,300 miles away, working at home in Seymour, Indiana.
It's all made possible by the Beam — a mobile video-conferencing machine that he can drive around the Palo Alto offices and workshops of Suitable Technologies. The 5-foot-tall device, topped with a large video screen, gives him a physical presence that makes him and his colleagues feel like he's actually there.
"This gives you that casual interaction that you're used to at work," Goecker said, speaking on a Beam. "I'm sitting in my desk area with everybody else. I'm part of their conversations and their socializing."
Suitable Technologies, which makes the Beam, is now one of more than a dozen companies that sell so-called telepresence robots. These remote-controlled machines are equipped with video cameras, speakers, microphones and wheels that allow users to see, hear, talk and "walk" in faraway locations.
More and more employees are working remotely, thanks to computers, smartphones, email, instant messaging and video-conferencing. But those technologies are no substitute for actually being in the office, where casual face-to-face conversations allow for easy collaboration and camaraderie.
Telepresence-robot makers are trying to bridge that gap with wheeled machines — controlled over wireless Internet connections — that give remote workers a physical presence in the workplace.
These robotic stand-ins are still a long way from going mainstream, with only a small number of organizations starting to use them. The machines can be expensive, difficult to navigate or even get stuck if they venture into areas with poor Internet connectivity. Stairs can be lethal, and non-techies might find them too strange to use regularly.
"There are still a lot of questions, but I think the potential is really great," said Pamela Hinds, co-director of Stanford University's Center on Work, Technology, & Organization. "I don't think face-to-face is going away, but the question is, how much face-to-face can be replaced by this technology?"
Technology watchers say these machines — sometimes called remote presence devices — could be used for many purposes. They could let managers inspect overseas factories, salespeople greet store customers, family members check on elderly relatives or art lovers tour foreign museums.
Some physicians are already seeing patients in remote hospitals with the RP-VITA robot co-developed by Santa-Barbara, Calif.,-based InTouch Health and iRobot, the Bedford, Mass.,-based maker of the Roomba vacuum.
The global market for telepresence robots is projected to reach $13 billion by 2017, said Philip Solis, research director for emerging technologies at ABI Research.
The robots have attracted the attention of Russian venture capitalist Dimitry Grishin, who runs a $25 million fund that invests in early-stage robotics companies.
"It's difficult to predict how big it will be, but I definitely see a lot of opportunity," Grishin said. "Eventually it can be in each home and each office."
His Grishin Robotics fund recently invested $250,000 in a startup called Double Robotics. The Sunnyvale, Calif.,-company started selling a Segway-like device called the Double that holds an Apple iPad, which has a built-in video-conferencing system called FaceTime. The Double can be controlled remotely from an iPad or iPhone.
So far, Double Robotics has sold more than 800 units that cost $1,999 each, said co-founder Mark DeVidts.
The Beam got its start as a side project at Willow Garage, a robotics company in Menlo Park where Goecker worked as an engineer.
A few years ago, he moved back to his native Indiana to raise his family, but he found it difficult to collaborate with engineering colleagues using existing video-conferencing systems.
"I was struggling with really being part of the team," Goecker said. "They were doing all sorts of wonderful things with robotics. It was hard for me to participate."
So Goecker and his colleagues created their own telepresence robot. The result: the Beam and a new company to develop and market it.
At $16,000 each, the Beam isn't cheap. But Suitable Technologies says it was designed with features that make "pilots" and "locals" feel the remote worker is physically in the room: powerful speakers, highly sensitive microphones and robust wireless connectivity.
The company began shipping Beams last month, mostly to tech companies with widely dispersed engineering teams, officials said.
"Being there in person is really complicated — commuting there, flying there, all the different ways people have to get there. Beam allows you to be there without all that hassle," said CEO Scott Hassan, beaming in from his office at Willow Garage in nearby Menlo Park.
Not surprisingly, Suitable Technologies has fully embraced the Beam as a workplace tool. On any given day, up to half of its 25 employees "beam" into work, with employees on Beams sitting next to their flesh-and-blood colleagues and even joining them for lunch in the cafeteria.
Software engineer Josh Faust beams in daily from Hawaii, where he moved to surf, and plans to spend the winter hitting the slopes in Lake Tahoe. He can't play pingpong or eat the free, catered lunches in Palo Alto, but he otherwise feels like he's part of the team.
"I'm trying to figure out where exactly I want to live. This allows me to do that without any of the instability of trying to find a different job," Faust said, speaking on a Beam from Kaanapali, Hawaii. "It's pretty amazing.
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The Parenting App You'll Never Download

When the evening news anchor said "Big Brother is watching," little Jake thought that meant something totally different.
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SEE ALSO: Parenting Hasn't Changed in 5,000 Years
Comic written by Larry Lambert, illustrated by Jerry King
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Parenting Hasn't Changed in 5,000 Years
And without the 3G-connection upgrade, Dad says that tablet is essentially a very expensive brick.
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Tablet as teacher: Poor Ethiopian kids learn ABCs

The kids in this volcano-rim village wear filthy, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They don't go to school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can spell words.
The key to their success: 20 tablet computers dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a group called One Laptop Per Child.
The goal is to find out whether children using today's new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they're already startled.
"What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten," said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.
The fastest learner is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse, the first to turn on one of the Motorola Xoom tablets last February. Its camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out the tablet's workings and made the camera work.
He proclaimed himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.
On a recent sunny weekday, nine months into the project, the kids sat in a dark hut with a hay floor. At 3,380 meters (11,000) feet above sea level, the air at night here is chilly, and the youngsters coughed and wiped runny noses. Many were barefoot. But they all eagerly tapped and swiped away on their tablets.
The apps encouraged them to click on colors — green, red, yellow. "Awesome," one app said aloud. Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own, tracing the English letters into his tablet in a thick red line.
"He just spelled the word 'bird'!" exclaimed Keller. "Seven months ago he didn't know any English. That's unbelievable. That's a quantum leap forward."
"If we prove that kids can teach themselves how to read, and then read to learn, then the world is going to look at technology as a way to change the world's poorest and most remote kids," he said.
"We will have proven you can actually reach these kids and change the way that they think and look at the world. And this is the promise that this technology holds."
Maryanne Wolf, a Tufts University professor, studies the origins of reading and language learning and is a consultant to the One Laptop project. She was an early critic of the experiment in Ethiopia but was amazed by the disabled-camera incident.
"It's crazy. I can't do that. I couldn't hack into anything," she said. "But they learned. And the learning that's gone on, that's very impressive to me, the critic, because I did not assume they would gravitate toward the more literacy-oriented apps that they have."
Wenchi's 60 families grow potatoes and produce honey. None of the adults can read. They broadly support the laptop project and express amazement their children were lucky enough to be chosen.
"I think if you gave them food and water they would never leave the computer room," said Teka Kumula, who charges the tablets from a solar station built by One Laptop. "They would spend day and night here."
Kumula Misgana, 70, walked into the hut that One Laptop built to watch the kids. Three of them had started a hay fight. "I'm fascinated by the technology," Misgana said. "There are pictures of animals I didn't even know existed."
He added: "We are a bit jealous. Everyone would love this opportunity, but we are happy for the kids."
Kelbesa, the boy lion, said: "I prefer the computer over my friends because I learn things with the computer." Asked what English words he knows, he rattled off a barnyard: "Dog, donkey, horse, sheep, cow, pig, cat."
Kelbesa, one of four children, is being raised by his widowed mother, Abelbech Wagari, who dreams the tablet is his gateway to higher education.
While the adults appeared grateful for the One Laptop opportunity, they wished the village had a teacher.
Keller said that Nicholas Negroponte, the MIT pioneer in computer science who founded One Laptop, is designing a program for the 100 million children worldwide who don't get to attend school. Wolf said Negroponte wants to tap into children's "very extraordinary capacity to teach themselves," though she said she has no desire to see teachers replaced.
The goal of the project is to get kids to a stage called "deep reading," where they can read to learn. It won't be in Amharic, Ethiopia's first language, but English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.
Keller and Wolf say they are only at the beginning of understanding the significance of how fast the kids of Wenchi have mastered the English ABCs. The experiment will be replicated in other villages in other countries, using more targeted apps.
One might wonder whether the children of Wenchi need good nutrition and warm clothes rather than a second language and no teacher — a question Wolf said has given her some sleepless nights.
She thinks she has arrived at an answer.
In remote regions of Africa and elsewhere, she said, "the mother who has one year of literacy has a far better chance to make sure her child can live to five years of age. They are savvier when it comes to medicine, to basic health, to economic development."
"So at 3 a.m. when I'm thinking, if I can do one thing ... using my particular knowledge, which is in reading and brain development and thinking — this is my shot; this is my contribution to the nutrition and health of a child."           
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How Ex-RIM Employees Are Fueling Ontario's Startup Scene

Mashable's Anita Li contributed to this report from Toronto.
Research in Motion, maker of the once-treasured but now beleaguered BlackBerry, is in trouble. RIM cut 5,000 jobs -- 30% of its workforce -- this past summer. Its most recent earnings report beat expectations but still isn't much to celebrate, as subscriber numbers are down and the report shows nearly a 50% drop off in sales since the same quarter last year.
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RIM's only hope -- its Luke Skywalker -- lies in BlackBerry 10, which may or may not succeed against the mobile OS behemoths that are Apple's iOS and Google's Android platforms.
But even if BlackBerry 10 fails and RIM goes the way of the dinosaur, there's a silver lining for Ontario, Canada, the province it calls home: Ex-RIM employees are taking their resources and know-how to the local startup community.
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Kalu Kalu is a former RIM employee who left the company this year to found MyShoebox, a photo-backup solution. While at RIM, he worked on the prototype team, which he said is responsible for looking at “new ideas and new products that were not necessarily part of the traditional product roadmap."
“There was a culture there at the time where you could -- even as a student –- there was the ability for you to come in and build and develop innovative ideas," said Kalu. "I had the opportunity to present some of the ideas that I worked on to the executives, to product managers. For the longest time, I really enjoyed that aspect. It was almost kind of like a startup within a larger company. But then, with some of the changes –- like the organizational changes -- it became a bit harder to pursue ideas that were more ambitious.”
Ultimately, Kalu decided it was best to strike out on his own.
“To try and deliver a brand new product is very, very difficult, so it ultimately came down to [that] I felt like I wanted to sort of pursue something on my own, and actually try to build something and help keep cultivating and innovating in Canada, [in] Toronto.”
Stories like Kalu's are found across the Ontario startup community.
"We're seeing a lot of the RIM talent doing startups," said Steve Currie, coach and mentor at Ontario's CommuniTech, a non-profit and tech incubator. "We've had a number of the displaced RIM folks come in and work as mentors and coaches on a volunteer basis as well for our startup community. We're seeing them engage in a bunch of different ways. Many of the former RIM folks want to stay in the region, there's a lot going on in the tech community here so there are opportunities."
Krista Jones, practice lead at Toronto-based incubator MaRS, agreed that ex-RIM employees are having a big impact in the local tech-startup community.
"Most people from RIM, what they do as they leave is go back into the startup community," said Jones. "You see former RIM employees all over the place either as founders or as employees in the startup scene, which has been great for the startup community in Ontario."
RIM's former talent may be staying in Ontario for a wealth of reasons: ties to the area or a desire to be a part of the booming tech-startup culture, for instance. But it's not an entirely organic phenomenon: Ontario's Minister of Economic Development and Innovation, Brad Duguid, is doing everything in his power to ensure former RIM talent stays in Ontario.
"RIM is a company built on innovation, and they're innovating every single day," said Duguid, who's more optimistic than most about RIM's prospects. "They have incredible talent. They recognized the position they're in, they're transforming their company and I think people are going to be pleasantly surprised as RIM goes through that transformation.
"That being said, they've had to shed some talent," he added. "Our goal has been to ensure that talent continues to participate in our [technology] sector. We've been successful with companies like OpenText. We've also been successful at funneling a number of those workers through business-startup opportunities like CommuniTech, where they've taken ideas and talent that have evolved from what RIM has provided to create new ventures."
SEE ALSO: RIM Loses BlackBerry Subscribers But Grows Cash Pile
Janet Ecker, president of the Toronto Financial Services Alliance, offered a similar sentiment.
"RIM's success was a role model," she said. "They're a household name. I think that has motivated [Ontario] and they themselves have re-invested in the community. [RIM]'s investments and the infrastructure and the cluster they have built will succeed regardless of what happens to RIM. I think they've built something there that will continue regardless of what happens to the company."
Will RIM survive? If it fails, what will rise from its ashes? Share your thoughts in the comments below.
BONUS: 5 Things That Are Actually Pretty Cool About BlackBerry 10
Glance Back
Saying BlackBerry 10 is all about the "flow" between apps, RIM CEO Thorsten Heins showed how users could quickly see other apps running by "glancing back" via menus that peek out from the side.
Click here to view this gallery.
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The Most Popular Scientific American Stories of 2012

The top 10 most popular stories published in 2012:
1. Men and Women Can't Be "Just Friends"
2. The World’s Last Worm: A Dreaded Disease Nears Eradication
3. NASA Crushes 2012 Mayan Apocalypse Claims
4. How Hollywood Is Encouraging Online Piracy
5. Scientists Discover Children’s Cells Livingin Mothers’ Brains
6. Psychiatry's "Bible" Gets an Overhaul
7. “Once in a Civilization” Comet to Zip Past Earth Next Year
8. The Power of Introverts: A Manifesto for Quiet Brilliance
9. Obama and Romney Tackle 14 Top Science Questions
10. North Carolina Considers Making Sea Level Rise Illegal
Honorable mentions: old stories that surfaced with a vengeance this year.
Why Do Cats Purr? April 3, 2006
Why does lactic acid buildup in muscles? And why does I tcause soreness? January 23, 2006
How Long Can a Person Survive without Food? November 8, 2004
Follow Scientific American on Twitter @SciAm and @SciamBlogs.
Visit ScientificAmerican.com for the latest in science, health and technology news.
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Adele's "21" is top-selling U.S. iTunes album of 2012

 British singer Adele notched another accolade on Thursday as iTunes announced that her Grammy-winning album "21" was the top-selling record of 2012 in its U.S. store, extending the disc's successful run almost two years after it was released.
Adele, 24, who last year became the first artist to secure three iTunes milestones with top-selling album, single and artist of the year, came in ahead of country-pop star Taylor Swift's "Red" and British folk band Mumford & Sons' "Babel."
ITunes did not reveal its sales or download figures.
British boy band One Direction's debut album "Up All Night" and current Grammy nominees fun.'s debut "Some Nights" rounded out the five top-selling albums on iTunes in the United States.
"21," released in February 2011, has performed strongly in the U.S. music charts this year following the singer's Grammy-sweeping win in six categories in February 2012.
Adele also landed Screen Actors Guild and Golden Globe nominations for her sultry James Bond theme song "Skyfall" this week, becoming a strong contender in the best song category for Hollywood's awards season.
"Thank you so much for the honor of being included in something as brilliant as the Golden Globes! Never in a million years did I ever think I'd come close to such a thing! Truly wonderful ... thank you to the Bond family for giving me the opportunity," the singer said in a statement on Thursday.
ITunes U.S. compiled their Best of 2012 list by looking at the most downloaded items from the Apple iTunes store.
Canadian pop star Carly Rae Jepsen had the top-selling track for her infectious breakthrough summer single "Call Me Maybe."
Post-apocalyptic action film "The Hunger Games" was the best-selling movie while the second season of British aristocratic period drama "Downton Abbey," another Hollywood awards favorite, was iTunes' top-selling television series.
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One Direction, Rihanna, Adele lead Billboard 2012 charts

Newcomer British boy band One Direction joined R&B diva Rihanna and British singer Adele to top Billboard's year-end music charts, released on Friday.
One Direction, who topped the Billboard 200 album chart twice this year with their debut, "Up All Night" in March and their sophomore album "Take Me Home" in November, were named Billboard's top new artist/group, rounding off a stellar year of U.S. success for the band.
Adele, 24, who became the first woman top score No. 1 single, album and artist on Billboard's 2011 year-end charts, continued her reign in 2012, when her Grammy-winning record "21" was the top-selling album in the U.S. and she was once again named artist of the year.
"21" has sold more than 10 million copies in the U.S. since its release in February 2011, becoming a fixture on the Billboard 200, especially after Adele's six wins at the Grammy Awards earlier this year.
She is the only act to be named both top artist and have the top album in Billboard's charts for two years in a row.
Adele was also named the No. 1 female artist while R&B rapper-singer Drake was named No. 1 male artist and pop-rock band Maroon 5 were named No. 1 group.
Rihanna, also 24, was named the top Hot 100 artist after a year of chart-topping hit singles such as "We Found Love" and "Diamonds" on the Hot 100 chart, which measures top-selling singles each week.
But Australia's Gotye picked up the Hot 100 single of the year, with his heartbreak hit "Somebody That I Used To Know."
Billboard compile their end-of-year lists based on chart performances between December 3 2011 and November 24 2012, tallying data including album sales and streaming figures.
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Pop star Kelly Clarkson announces engagement

Kelly Clarkson, who became the first contestant to win "American Idol" a decade ago and went on to several chart-topping successes, has gotten engaged to her boyfriend, the singer said in a Twitter message on Saturday.
Clarkson, 30, previously revealed she had been dating talent manager Brandon Blackstock since early this year. Blackstock is the stepson of country singer Reba McEntire.
"I'M ENGAGED!" Clarkson said on Twitter. "I wanted y'all to know!! Happiest night of my life last night!"
She then followed that by posting a link to a photo of her canary yellow diamond engagement ring on a website. She wrote that her boyfriend helped design it and that she "can't wait to make Brandon's ring."
Clarkson's album "Stronger" hit No. 2 last year on the Billboard 200 sales chart, and she in previous years topped pop charts with her songs "My Life Would Suck Without You" and "A Moment Like This."
The Texas-born singer won the Fox television singing contest "American Idol" in the show's debut year in 2002, and has had more success than many of the show's stars from following years.
Clarkson has burnished an image as an artist willing to speak her mind, even confessing to feelings of loneliness.
Last month, in an appearance on the "Ellen DeGeneres Show," Clarkson said she had been dating Blackstock since earlier this year and was thankful to have him.
"I am not alone for the first time for Thanksgiving and Christmas and I'm very happy," she said on the show.
In the same November appearance, Clarkson said she expected to get engaged to Blackstock. "We will totally, probably elope," she told DeGeneres.
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Sirius XM to pay higher music royalty fees

Sirius XM Radio Inc will pay a bigger percentage of revenue toward music royalties for sound recordings, following a decision made by the U.S. Copyright Royalty Board, the satellite radio provider said on Monday.
Judges at the U.S. Copyright Royalty Board determined last Friday that Sirius should pay higher royalty rates over the next five years to SoundExchange, the non-profit group that collects royalties from Sirius as well as Internet radio and cable TV companies on behalf of recording artists and record labels.
Sirius currently pays 8 percent of a portion of its gross revenue to SoundExchange, but after Friday's ruling, the rate will rise each year until 2017, when the agreement expires.
ISI analyst Vijay Jayant estimated the company paid about $250 million to SoundExchange in 2012, and will pay $324 million next year.
Analysts, on average, expect Sirius to generate $3.41 billion in revenue in 2012, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.
The royalty will increase to 9 percent in 2013, 9.5 percent in 2014, 10 percent in 2015, 10.5 percent for 2016, and 11 percent for 2017, Sirius said in a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Sirius XM and SoundExchange were involved in lawsuits over the fees.
The new rates were better than expected and will be "modestly positive" for Sirius' earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization," according to ISI, an investment research firm.
Last Friday, when the Copyright Royalty Board issued its decision, Sirius XM shares rose 6 percent.
"With increased clarity on the royalty fee front, we now expect there could be upside" to the company's earnings forecast next year, said Macquarie analyst Amy Yong said.
The board oversees copyright licenses and royalty payments in the United States.
Sirius, the largest U.S. satellite radio provider with more than 23 million subscribers, approved a $2 billion stock repurchase program on December 6 and issued a special dividend.
Its shares dipped 2 cents to $2.89 on Monday.
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The top 10 songs and albums on the iTunes Store

iTunes' Official Music Charts for the week ending Dec. 17, 2012
Top Songs:
1. "Locked Out of Heaven," Bruno Mars
2. "I Knew You Were Trouble," Taylor Swift
3. "Ho Hey," The Lumineers
4. "Stupid Boy," Cassadee Pope
5. "Scream & Shout (feat. Britney Spears)," will.i.am
6. "Diamonds," Rihanna
7. "Beauty and a Beat (feat. Nicki Minaj)," Justin Bieber
8. "Thrift Shop (feat. Wanz)," Ryan Lewis,Macklemore
9. "Gangnam Style," PSY
10. "Die Young," Ke$ha
Top Albums:
1. "12-12-12 The Concert for Sandy Relief," Various Artists
2. "Unorthodox Jukebox," Bruno Mars
3. "Jesus Piece," Game
4. "Christmas," Michael Buble
5. "Glee: The Music, The Christmas Album, Vol. 3," Glee Cast
6. "Red," Taylor Swift
7. "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)," Howard Shore
8. "O.N.I.F.C. " Wiz Khalifa
9. "The Lumineers," The Lumineers
10. "Babel," Mumford & Sons
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